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一种高速大电流的PAM4光发射机设计
《信息技术与网络安全》2020年第6期
李 喜,林福江
中国科学技术大学 微电子学院,安徽 合肥230026
摘要: 随着通信数据比特率不断提升,PAM4(四阶脉冲幅度调制)光发射机已经在超高速光纤通信系统中得到更广泛的应用。设计了一种包含NRZ(非归零)编码-RZ(归零)编码转换电路的PAM4光发射机,基于电流模逻辑增加了电路的工作速度和抗干扰能力。通过带自偏置可控延时电路实现了NRZ编码到RZ编码的转换,减小了长链路信号传输的色散效应。驱动器采用预驱动与主驱动级联的方式增大电路驱动能力,并通过串联电阻实现级间的共模电平匹配。电路设计采用0.13 μm SOI CMOS工艺,仿真结果表明在两路输入数据比特率为2.5 Gb/s,典型负载为25 Ω时,最大输出电流为120 mA,电流脉冲宽度为125 ps,PAM4眼图张开度良好。
關(guān)鍵詞: 光纤通信 PAM4 光发射机 驱动器
中圖分類號: TN432
文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼: A
DOI: 10.19358/j.issn.2096-5133.2020.06.010
引用格式: 李喜,林福江. 一種高速大電流的PAM4光發(fā)射機(jī)設(shè)計[J].信息技術(shù)與網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全,2020,39(6):53-57.

Design of a high-speed PAM4 optical transmitter with large current
Li Xi,Lin Fujiang
School of Microelectronics,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China
Abstract: With the continuous improvement of the communication data bit rate, PAM4(four-level pulse amplitude modulation) optical transmitters are more widely used in ultra-high-speed optical fiber communication systems. A PAM4 optical transmitter including NRZ(non-return-to-zero) encoding to RZ(return-to-zero) encoding converter is designed in this paper. Based on current mode logic, it increases the circuit′s working speed and anti-interference ability. The self-biased controllable delay circuit is used to realize the converter from NRZ encoding to RZ encoding, which reduces the dispersion effect of long-link signal transmission. The driver uses a cascade of pre-driver and main driver to increase the driving capability, and achieves common-mode level matching between stages by a series resistor. The circuit design is based on 0.13 μm SOI CMOS process. Simulation results show that the maximum output current is 120 mA, the current pulse width is 125 ps, and the PAM4 eye pattern is open well at an input data rate of 2.5 Gb/s and a typical load of 25 Ω.
Key words : optical-fiber communication;PAM4(four-level pulse amplitude modulation);optical transmitter;driver circuit

隨著當(dāng)今社會通信速度與容量的迅速增長,光纖通信相比傳統(tǒng)的電通信開始展現(xiàn)出巨大優(yōu)勢。光發(fā)射機(jī)將輸入電壓信號轉(zhuǎn)化為能調(diào)制激光器發(fā)光的電流信號,其作用在整個光纖通信系統(tǒng)中起著極其重要的作用。

 在同等波特率下,四階脈沖幅度調(diào)制(Four-level Pulse Amplitude Modulation,PAM4)的比特率相比傳統(tǒng)的非歸零調(diào)制(Non-Return-to-Zero,NRZ)提高一倍,增大傳輸效率的同時降低了成本,PMA4技術(shù)已經(jīng)在超高速信號互連系統(tǒng)中得到了廣泛認(rèn)可。但PAM4在實(shí)際應(yīng)用上尚存在兩個問題:一是PAM4的發(fā)射機(jī)的調(diào)制電流不夠大,使得激光器的消光比不夠大,從而使信號在光纖傳輸時產(chǎn)生誤碼;二是目前輸入數(shù)據(jù)信號編碼通常采用NRZ編碼,其調(diào)制產(chǎn)生的光信號在光纖傳輸中會顯著地受色散效應(yīng)影響造成碼間干擾,不適應(yīng)長距離傳輸。

本文提出的PAM4光發(fā)射機(jī)則能更好地適應(yīng)長距離光通信:首先采用SOI CMOS工藝,相比GaAs等工藝折中了成本與性能;其次輸出調(diào)制電流最大能達(dá)到120 mA,可以充分提高激光器的消光比;另外,設(shè)計了編碼轉(zhuǎn)換器,將輸入的非歸零編碼信號轉(zhuǎn)換為歸零型(Return-to-Zero,RZ)編碼的信號,調(diào)制的光信號更能忍受在光纖傳播時的非線性和色散效應(yīng),從而更好地適應(yīng)長距離光通信。



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作者信息:

李  喜,林福江

(中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué) 微電子學(xué)院,安徽 合肥230026)

 


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