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星载X波段宽带双圆极化微带阵列天线设计
电子技术应用
隋涛,邢斯瑞,金宇婷,安向东
长光卫星技术股份有限公司
摘要: 针对某卫星X波段通信数据转发系统的要求,设计了一种新型星载X波段宽带双圆极化微带阵列天线。天线单元采用微带形式,整体能量馈入方式为底部馈电,采用缝隙耦合馈电方式以实现宽频带,采用3 dB定向耦合器实现两信号间相位差来满足双圆极化。阵列天线由24个天线单元按4×6矩形排列,每4个单元为一组进行旋转排布。通过电磁仿真软件分析可得:阵列天线在8 GHz~8.4 GHz工作频带内,中心频点8.2 GHz处增益为17.9 dBi,轴比为0.06 dB。该天线实现了宽频带、双圆极化等性能指标,对X波段无线通信系统设计有一定指导意义。
中圖分類號(hào):TN82 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A DOI: 10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.245533
中文引用格式: 隋濤,邢斯瑞,金宇婷,等. 星載X波段寬帶雙圓極化微帶陣列天線設(shè)計(jì)[J]. 電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用,2025,51(3):85-89.
英文引用格式: Sui Tao,Xing Sirui,Jin Yuting,et al. Design of X-band wideband dual circularly polarized microstrip array antenna for satellite communication system[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2025,51(3):85-89.
Design of X-band wideband dual circularly polarized microstrip array antenna for satellite communication system
Sui Tao,Xing Sirui,Jin Yuting,An Xiangdong
Chang Guang Satellite Technology Co., Ltd.
Abstract: A novel X-band wideband dual-circularly polarized microstrip array antenna is designed to meet the requirements of a satellite X-band communication data forwarding system. The antenna unit adopts microstrip form, the overall energy feed mode is bottom feed, the slot-coupling feed mode is adopted to achieve wide band, and the 3 dB directional coupler is adopted to realize the phase difference between the two signals to meet the dual circularly polarization. The array antenna consists of 24 antenna units arranged in a 4×6 rectangle, each of which is rotated in a group of 4 units. Through the analysis of electromagnetic simulation software, it can be obtained that the array antenna has a gain of 17.9 dBi and an axis ratio of 0.06 dB at the center frequency of 8.2 GHz in the operating frequency band of 8 GHz~8.4 GHz. The antenna achieves the performance indexes such as wide band and double circularly polarization, and has certain guiding significance for the design of X-band wireless communication system.
Key words : microstrip array antenna;wide band;dual circularly polarized;slot-coupled feed

引言

隨著科技的不斷發(fā)展進(jìn)步和低軌衛(wèi)星互聯(lián)架構(gòu)的提出[1-3]通信衛(wèi)星正在飛速發(fā)展,設(shè)計(jì)出可滿足衛(wèi)星無線通信系統(tǒng)需求且具備優(yōu)良性能的天線顯得格外關(guān)鍵[4-7]。本文依托吉林一號(hào)衛(wèi)星網(wǎng)絡(luò),提出了一款星載X波段寬帶雙圓極化微帶陣列天線,用于完成衛(wèi)星信號(hào)無線傳輸?shù)娜蝿?wù)。

微帶天線與其他天線相比,具有低剖面、結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、一致性好、適合批量生產(chǎn)等優(yōu)點(diǎn)[8]。在微帶天線中如何實(shí)現(xiàn)寬頻段圓極化,前人已經(jīng)做了大量工作,比如文獻(xiàn)[9]中設(shè)計(jì)了一種新型的雙極化天線單元和陣列,對(duì)傳統(tǒng)對(duì)稱縫隙耦合饋電結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行改進(jìn),采用寄生貼片結(jié)構(gòu)以擴(kuò)展工作頻帶,并在兩個(gè)極化端口引入錯(cuò)位倒相饋電技術(shù),降低了陣列天線的交叉計(jì)劃電平;文獻(xiàn)[10]中設(shè)計(jì)了一種中間為空氣層的H型縫隙耦合饋電結(jié)構(gòu)的圓極化微帶天線單元,并在此基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計(jì)了8單元直線陣,通過饋電網(wǎng)絡(luò)前段的級(jí)聯(lián)分支線耦合器來實(shí)現(xiàn)圓極化;文獻(xiàn)[11]中設(shè)計(jì)了一種以雙極化縫隙耦合微帶天線為單元,應(yīng)用在3.4 GHz~3.6 GHz頻段的微帶天線,具有低副瓣電平、高隔離度和低交叉極化電平的特點(diǎn)。但上述天線多層介質(zhì)板間普遍采用空氣層架高來實(shí)現(xiàn)較高增益,而針對(duì)衛(wèi)星平臺(tái)來講這種懸空的結(jié)構(gòu)狀態(tài)存在結(jié)構(gòu)穩(wěn)定性不牢固的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),在衛(wèi)星無線系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)中需要規(guī)避。

本文設(shè)計(jì)了一款24陣元的星載X波段寬帶雙圓極化微帶陣列天線。天線采用縫隙耦合饋電設(shè)計(jì)以展寬頻帶,采用3 dB定向耦合器實(shí)現(xiàn)饋電網(wǎng)絡(luò)相位差以滿足雙圓極化設(shè)計(jì),天線整體具備良好性能。在后續(xù)吉林一號(hào)衛(wèi)星組網(wǎng)階段,此天線可為數(shù)據(jù)傳輸系統(tǒng)提供無線保障。


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http://m.ihrv.cn/resource/share/2000006365


作者信息:

隋濤,邢斯瑞,金宇婷,安向東

(長光衛(wèi)星技術(shù)股份有限公司,吉林 長春 130000)


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