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论我国数据要素市场化配置立法困境与进路
2022年电子技术应用第5期
林梓瀚1,魏 伟1,施 妤1,范国浩2
1.中国电子系统技术有限公司,北京100036;2.中国电子信息产业集团,北京100089
摘要: 当前全球数据量呈现出爆发式的增长,数据的流动属性和资源属性不断增强,我国出台多部重要文件旨在促进数据要素流动,构建数据要素市场体系。然而,我国现有法律体系存在适配不足的问题,导致在数据要素市场化配置过程中数据确权有待进一步完善,数据权属难以清晰界定。以深圳、上海、广东、温州等地为代表的地区或以立法形式探索对数据权益进行保护,或以资产凭证等形式优先解决明确产权数据的权属问题,释放数据潜能。但要彻底解决当前权属问题无法一蹴而就,在借鉴土地、劳动力、技术与资本的立法经验下,提出数据立法未来的路径主要为创设新的数据法定权利,甚至探索为数据创设新的部门法。
關(guān)鍵詞: 数据 权属 立法 实践
中圖分類號(hào): F490
文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼: A
DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.222663
中文引用格式: 林梓瀚,魏偉,施妤,等. 論我國(guó)數(shù)據(jù)要素市場(chǎng)化配置立法困境與進(jìn)路[J].電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用,2022,48(5):1-6.
英文引用格式: Lin Zihan,Wei Wei,Shi Yu,et al. Legislation dilemma and approach of market-oriented allocation of data elements in China[J].Application of Electronic Technique,2022,48(5):1-6.
Legislation dilemma and approach of market-oriented allocation of data elements in China
Lin Zihan1,Wei Wei1,Shi Yu1,Fan Guohao2
1.China Electronic System Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100036;2.China Electronics Corporation,Beijing 100089,China
Abstract: Nowadays, the amount of global data is showing explosive growth, and the flow and resource attributes of data are continuously enhanced. China has issued a number of important documents to promote the flow of data elements and construct a data element market system. However, the existing legal system in China has the problem of insufficient adaptation, which leads to the need to further improve the data ownership in the process of market-oriented allocation of data elements. In addition, it is difficult to clearly define the ownership of data. The regions such as Shenzhen, Shanghai, Guangdong, Wenzhou and so on may explore the protection of data rights and interests in the form of legislation, or give priority to solving the problem of clarifying the ownership of property rights data in the form of asset certificates, so as to release the potential of data. However, to completely solve the current ownership dilemma cannot be achieved overnight. Drawing on the legislative experience of land, labor, technology and capital, the future path of data legislation is proposed to mainly create new legal rights for data, and even explore the creation of new departmental laws for data.
Key words : data;ownership;legislation;practice

0 引言

    隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)、云計(jì)算、5G、人工智能等新興技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展,全球數(shù)據(jù)量爆發(fā)式增長(zhǎng),數(shù)據(jù)的資源屬性、資產(chǎn)屬性不斷增強(qiáng)。2020年4月中共中央、國(guó)務(wù)院發(fā)布《關(guān)于構(gòu)建更加完善的要素市場(chǎng)化配置體制機(jī)制的意見》要求“加快培育數(shù)據(jù)要素市場(chǎng),推進(jìn)政府?dāng)?shù)據(jù)開放共享,提升社會(huì)數(shù)據(jù)資源價(jià)值并加強(qiáng)數(shù)據(jù)資源整合和安全保護(hù)”。我國(guó)“十四五規(guī)劃綱要”中進(jìn)一步提出“激活數(shù)據(jù)要素潛能,充分發(fā)揮海量數(shù)據(jù)和豐富應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景優(yōu)勢(shì)打造數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)新優(yōu)勢(shì)”。通過(guò)大規(guī)模地?cái)?shù)據(jù)收集、處理和分析挖掘,可以為企業(yè)創(chuàng)造巨大的財(cái)富價(jià)值,但也可能對(duì)國(guó)家安全和個(gè)人隱私造成巨大的沖擊。為更好地利用數(shù)據(jù)并減少其帶來(lái)的負(fù)面效應(yīng),在促進(jìn)數(shù)據(jù)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的同時(shí),應(yīng)加強(qiáng)數(shù)據(jù)安全保護(hù)。




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作者信息:

林梓瀚1,魏  偉1,施  妤1,范國(guó)浩2

(1.中國(guó)電子系統(tǒng)技術(shù)有限公司,北京100036;2.中國(guó)電子信息產(chǎn)業(yè)集團(tuán),北京100089)




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